Ka'idar cajin Lithium da fitarwa & ƙirar hanyar lissafin wutar lantarki (2)

Ka'idar cajin Lithium da fitarwa & ƙirar hanyar lissafin wutar lantarki

2. Gabatarwa zuwa mitar baturi

2.1 Gabatarwar aiki na mita wutar lantarki

Ana iya ɗaukar sarrafa batir azaman ɓangaren sarrafa wutar lantarki.A cikin sarrafa baturi, na'urar lantarki tana da alhakin kimanta ƙarfin baturi.Asalin aikinsa shine saka idanu akan ƙarfin lantarki, caji / fitarwa na yanzu da zafin baturi, da kimanta yanayin caji (SOC) da cikakken ƙarfin caji (FCC) na baturin.Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na yau da kullun don kimanta yanayin cajin baturi: Hanyar wutar lantarki ta buɗe (OCV) da hanyar coulometric.Wata hanyar ita ce tsayayyen ƙarfin lantarki algorithm wanda RICHTEK ya tsara.

2.2 Buɗe hanyar wutar lantarki

Yana da sauƙi don gane mita wutar lantarki ta amfani da hanyar wutar lantarki mai buɗewa, wanda za'a iya samuwa ta hanyar duba yanayin da ya dace na cajin wutar lantarki na budewa.Ana ɗaukan buɗaɗɗen wutar da'ira shine ƙarfin ƙarfin baturi lokacin da baturin ke hutawa sama da mintuna 30.

Wurin lantarki na baturi zai bambanta tare da kaya daban-daban, zazzabi da tsufa na baturi.Saboda haka, ƙayyadadden voltmeter mai buɗewa ba zai iya wakiltar yanayin caji gabaɗaya ba;Ba za a iya ƙididdige halin caji ta hanyar duba tebur kaɗai ba.A wasu kalmomi, idan an kiyasta yanayin cajin kawai ta hanyar duba tebur, kuskuren zai zama babba.

Hoton da ke ƙasa ya nuna cewa yanayin caji (SOC) na ƙarfin baturi iri ɗaya ya bambanta sosai ta hanyar buɗaɗɗen wutar lantarki a ƙarƙashin caji da fitarwa.

Hoto 5. Wutar lantarki a ƙarƙashin caji da yanayin fitarwa

Ana iya gani daga hoton da ke ƙasa cewa yanayin cajin ya bambanta sosai a ƙarƙashin kaya daban-daban yayin fitarwa.Don haka ainihin, hanyar buɗaɗɗen wutar lantarki ta dace da tsarin da ke buƙatar ƙarancin daidaiton yanayin caji, kamar motoci masu amfani da batirin gubar-acid ko samar da wutar lantarki mara katsewa.

Hoto 6. Wutar lantarki a ƙarƙashin kaya daban-daban yayin fitarwa

2.3 Hanyar coulometric

Ka'idar aiki na coulometry ita ce haɗa resistor mai ganowa akan hanyar caji/cajin baturi.ADC yana auna ƙarfin lantarki akan juriyar ganowa kuma yana canza shi zuwa ƙimar halin yanzu na baturin da ake caji ko fitarwa.Ma'aunin lokaci na ainihi (RTC) na iya haɗa ƙimar halin yanzu tare da lokaci don sanin kolomb nawa ke gudana.

Hoto 7. Asalin yanayin aiki na hanyar auna coulomb

Hanyar coulometric na iya ƙididdige ainihin lokacin caji yayin caji ko fitarwa.Tare da ma'aunin cajin coulomb da counter coulomb na fitarwa, zai iya lissafin ragowar ƙarfin lantarki (RM) da cikakken ƙarfin caji (FCC).Hakanan ana iya amfani da ragowar ƙarfin caji (RM) da cikakken ƙarfin caji (FCC) don ƙididdige yanayin cajin (SOC=RM/FCC).Bugu da ƙari, yana iya ƙididdige lokacin da ya rage, kamar gajiyawar wutar lantarki (TTE) da cikawar wutar lantarki (TTF).

Hoto 8. Tsarin lissafin hanyar coulomb

Akwai manyan abubuwa guda biyu waɗanda ke haifar da daidaiton karkatar da awo na coulomb.Na farko shine tarin kuskuren kashewa a ji na yanzu da ma'aunin ADC.Kodayake kuskuren ma'auni yana da ƙananan ƙananan tare da fasaha na yanzu, idan babu wata hanya mai kyau don kawar da shi, kuskuren zai ƙara da lokaci.Hoton da ke ƙasa yana nuna cewa a cikin aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen, idan babu gyara a cikin tsawon lokaci, kuskuren da aka tara ba shi da iyaka.

Hoto 9. Kuskuren tarawa na hanyar coulomb

Don kawar da kuskuren da aka tara, akwai maki uku masu yiwuwa a cikin aikin baturi na yau da kullun: ƙarshen caji (EOC), ƙarshen fitarwa (EOD) da hutawa (Huta).Baturi ya cika cikakke kuma yanayin caji (SOC) yakamata ya zama 100% lokacin da yanayin ƙarshen caji ya kai.Yanayin ƙarshen fitarwa yana nufin cewa baturi ya ƙare gaba ɗaya kuma yanayin cajin (SOC) ya kamata ya zama 0%;Yana iya zama cikakkiyar ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki ko canzawa tare da kaya.Lokacin da aka isa sauran yanayin, baturin ba ya caji ko cirewa, kuma ya kasance a wannan yanayin na dogon lokaci.Idan mai amfani yana so ya yi amfani da sauran yanayin baturin don gyara kuskuren hanyar coulometric, dole ne ya yi amfani da voltmeter mai buɗewa a wannan lokacin.Hoton da ke ƙasa yana nuna cewa za'a iya gyara kuskuren caji a ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗan da ke sama.

Hoto 10. Sharuɗɗan don kawar da kuskuren tarawa na hanyar coulometric

Babban abu na biyu da ke haifar da daidaiton hanyar mitar coulomb shine kuskuren cikakken caji (FCC), wanda shine bambanci tsakanin ƙarfin ƙira na baturi da ainihin cikakken ƙarfin cajin baturi.Cikakkun ƙarfin caji (FCC) zafin jiki, tsufa, nauyi da sauran abubuwan zai shafi su.Sabili da haka, hanyar sake koyo da ramuwa na cikakken cajin iya aiki yana da matukar mahimmanci ga hanyar coulometric.Hoton da ke ƙasa yana nuna yanayin kuskuren SOC lokacin da cikakken ƙarfin cajin ya wuce kima da ƙima.

Hoto 11. Kuskure Trend lokacin da cikakken cajin iya aiki da aka wuce kima da rashin kima